died Oct. 21, 1781 The heavy cannons pounded the British mercilessly, and by October 11 had knocked out most of the British guns, the Army Heritage Center Foundation states. Alex Collins This guide provides advice on finding records held at The National Archives known as muster rolls, pay lists and description books. Brown, The American Campaigns of Rochambeaus Army 1780, 1781, 1782, 1783 (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1972), 1:33; Claude C. Sturgill, ed., Rochambeaus Memoire de la Guerre en Amerique, The Virginia Magazine of History and Biography 78 (Jan. 1970): 61; Marquis de Chastellux, Travels in North America, in the Years 1780, 1781, and 1782 (London: G.G. Battle of Bunker Hill, June 17, 1775. The musters, service records and attestation papers of the German and Swiss Legions are in WO 15, searchable by regiment in our catalogue. Oct . Capt. [19], Following the surrender of Cornwallis, Knox released the Virginia State Regiment, Delaware Regiment, and Virginia militia to go their separate ways. Missing As one of four experienced field officers of artillery, he would prove to be a valuable addition to Knoxs force during the siege.[8]. Knox rotated this duty among the company officers of all four Continental artillery regiments. This data collection contains an estimated 80,000 application files from officers and enlisted men who served in the Revolutionary War in all branches of the American military: army, navy, and marines. 19, 1781 Aaron Burr. Benj. research. Private Washingtons fame grew to international proportions having wrested such an impossible victory, according to the Washington Library, interrupting his much desired Mount Vernon retirement with greater calls to public service., READ MORE:Explore George Washington's life in our interactive timeline. Oct . [18], Daily reports by the field officer of the batteries were required to mention casualties as well as ammunition consumed. This database contains applications for membership in the National Society of the Sons of the American Revolution approved between 1889 and 31 December 1970. present On September 5, while the Allied army is still on route, the French fleet guards the entrance to the Chesapeake Bay. Two-thirds of his attack force carried 250-kilogram semi armor-piercing bombs against Yorktown while the others carried high explosive bombs against the ship's crew. present Various Naval Actions, 1776-1782. . Ebenezer Denny, an American soldier who witnessed the event, noted in his journal the low British morale, as their drums beat as if they did not care how. Denny does not note any singing. It is all over. For the colonies, the long struggle for independence was leading to enormous debt, food shortages, and a lack of morale among the soldiers. The American portion of that artillery force consisted of fewer than 400 gunners of the Continental artillery. With few resources at hand, the Americans knew they would need to engage an ally if they were to sustain a fight for independence. Taken prisoner Cornwallis stated after the siege that all our guns on the left were silenced, our works much damaged, and our loss of men considerable. Following the siege French gunners praised their American counterparts, as did Lt. Gen. Jean-Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur, Comte de Rochambeau and his generals. Archives, Open Government Licence A total of 14,000 men were recruited, although none saw active service: they were disbanded after the war. Box 210 Yorktown, VA 23690 Phone: 757 898-2410 Contact Us Within each category the records are arranged as follows: U.S., Sons of the American Revolution Membership Applications, 1889-1970, U.S., Revolutionary War Pension and Bounty-Land Warrant Application Files, 1800-1900, Provided in association with National Archives and Records Administration. Althause Jr. New Yorker Assortment, 1 Box. [7] Washington to Brig. Subscribe to the American Battlefield Trust's quarterly email series of curated stories for the curious-minded sort! Oct . Revolutionary War Records, Correspondence, 1765-1830 (33 folders) Revolutionary War Records, Council of Safety, 1775-1776 (4 folders) Revolutionary War Records, General Assembly, 1776 (2 folders) Revolutionary War Records, Loyalist Records, 1775-1783 (10 folders) Revolutionary War Records, Military Records, 1775-1908 (41 folders) Box 3 How to search for musters and pay lists c.1730-1878, 4. Similar description books for depots, 1768 to 1908, are in WO 67. On the other side of the Atlantic, Britain was also waging a global war with France and Spain. Regimental musters, from the early 18th century onwards, were taken every month or quarter (frequency varied over the years) for pay and accounting purposes. General Knox ordered Colonel Lamb to take charge of transporting the artillery and supplies, including captured pieces, to Philadelphia and the 2nd Continental Artillery accompanied the guns there before going into winter quarters at Burlington, New Jersey. Italso cemented Washingtons reputation as a great leader and eventual election as first president of the United States. During the day beginning on October 14 American artillerymen suffered one killed and two wounded, while the next day two men were killed and three wounded. 70-104-1 (Washington: U.S. Army Center of Military History, 2007), 43; Robert Arthur, The End of a Revolution (New York: Vantage Press, 1965), 159. Great article about the Yorktown artillerymen . Sick at F 3, (Winter 2010), on August 12, 2008. Private Sick at F At 1057, Lieutenant Michio Kobayashi and his 18-dive bomber unit took off from Hiryu to attack American carrier Yorktown, escorted by 6 fighters. 19, 1781 [16], Although Knoxs gunners were primarily engaged managing siege weapons, they had also brought field artillery to Yorktown. The records contained in this database regard only the Continental Army, and state and other units that served with them. 19, 1781 John Atlhause That contingent was further weakened due to a September 23 altercation between Duffy and another officer, leading to Duffys arrest, court martial, and dismissal from the service on October 12. It is where the British Army surrendered and the British government began to consider a peace treaty. 2nd New Jersey Regiment (aka The Western Battalion) . Private As the work on the parallels continues, the British attempt to disrupt Allied operations by using what little artillery they have left. The detachment of the 1st Continental Artillery remained in Virginia, while that of the 4th Continental Artillery joined Gen. Nathanael Greenes Army in the Carolinas. If you are working backwards through the musters, you may need to find the previous regimental number of a 2nd battalion. The new line is in place by the morning of October 12. Stivors [9] Monthly Return of the Corps of Artillery-October 1st 1781, GLC02437.10495, GLI. 1-11. General Nathanael Greene had taken over command of the American Continental Army in the South. Sick at F British general Charles Lord Cornwallis dispatched Major Patrick Ferguson to North Carolina in early September 1780. Starting at the historic Surrender Field, the course is mostly flat with a some . Althause's Company of New York Volunteers l Thomas Quint September 21, 1781, GLC02437.01186, and A General Return of the American Artillery & Stores Appropriated thereto with the Army in Virginia Sept 22, 1781, GLC02437.01187, GLI; Revolutionary War Pension Application W9944 for William Madison, National Archives and Records Administration, Washington, DC, Record Group 15, Records of the Veterans Administration, microfilm publication M804, Fold3.com website, accessed January 15, 2015 (location cited hereafter as RWPA). Sergt. Check out the Genealogy Books written by Olive Tree Genealogy! Roseman [1], Gen. George Washingtons determination of units from the American Army in New York that would march to Yorktown in August 1781 included only one artillery regiment, the 2nd Continental Artillery Regiment. One observer, Feltman, The Journal of Lt. William Feltman, 21, counted twenty-seven American and thirty-three French artillery pieces (not counting the leftmost French battery) in the batteries on October 18. In 1779, despite Louis support, the Continental Army, was still struggling. Cornwallis has thrown up a series of redoubts on the outskirts of Yorktown while the majority of his men hunker down in the town. Sergt. During the attack on Redoubts 9 and 10 on the evening of October 14, the 2nd Artillerys Capt. [9], Knox undoubtedly knew before he left New York that he would not have trained gunners sufficient for the number of pieces of siege artillery he planned to take to Yorktown, and this muster provided confirmation. The Battle of Yorktown was the last great battle of the American Revolutionary War. Fredk. Surrender of Conwallis. [15] Orderly Books for Col. John Lambs Second Regiment, New York Historical Society, entries for October 8-16, 1781; William Stevens, A System for the Discipline of the Artillery of the United States of America, or, the Young Artillerists Pocket Companion (New York: William A. Davis, 1797), 195. Missing Capture a web page as it appears now for use as a trusted citation in the future. During the siege numerous American observers recorded that their cannonade resulted in a reduction or cessation of British fire and provided various descriptions of the damage it inflicted. British redoubts #9 and #10 prevent the second parallel from extending to the river and the British are still able to reinforce the garrisons inside the redoubts. The overall dates are 1756 to 1900, but for most regiments there are volumes for the first half of the 19th century only. Lieut. On the morning of October 19, the British sent forward a red-coated drummer boy, followed by an officer waving a white handkerchief to the parapet. By virtue of its size among the artillery units at Yorktown the 2nd Continental Artillery Regiment became the core American artillery unit there. The Field Officer of the Trenches was also supposed to report daily on the apparent effect on the enemys works of the bombardment, but the fact that none of the nine reports contain such information indicates that the damage to the British works was obvious. Meyers, 1893), 15: 750. Jacob Rossby redoubts) with artillery batteries and connecting trenches. 19, 1781 Oct . Muster rolls exist for five of Lambs companies taken at Head of Elk in early September on the journey south. Sign up for our quarterly email series highlighting the environmental benefits of battlefield preservation. Private They could strike a decisive blow to the British in New York City or aim for the south, in Yorktown, Virginia, where Gen. Charles Lord Cornwalliss troops were garrisoned. In 1777, a delegation headed by Benjamin Franklin arrived at the court of Louis XVI to negotiate an alliance between the United States and France. [8] Heitman, Historical Register, 337; Carrington to Knox, August 7, 1781, GLC02437.01123, Return of all Continental spare ordnance and Military Stores in the field and the Waggons which contain them. Battle of Springfield; Battle of Yorktown. 19, 1781 Thus it was a reduced contingent of the 4th Continental Artillery that was available to Knox in September. Aerial. [18] Tilden, Extracts from the Journal of Lieutenant John Bell Tilden, 61; Minutes of Occurrences respecting the Seige (sic) and Capture of York in Virginia, extracted from the Journal of Colonel Jonathan Trumbull, Secretary to the General, 1781, Proceedings of the Massachusetts Historical Society 14 (1875-76): 336; Henry Lee, Memoirs of the War in the Southern Department of the United States (Washington: Peter Force, 1827), 360, 365; Benjamin Franklin Stevens, ed., The Campaign in Virginia 1781: An Exact Reprint of Six Rare Pamphlets on the Clinton-Cornwallis Controversy (London, 1888), II:205; Howard C. Rice, Jr., and Anne S.K. Early in the siege a typical detail from the 2nd Regiment numbered fourteen, to which were added men from the other artillery regiments as well as the three auxiliary units. [3] The seven companies are mentioned in the assignments for responsibility of ordnance in Regimental Orders, October 1, 1781, Orderly Book of the Second Regiment of Continental Artillery, MS2003.12, Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, Williamsburg, Virginia. Oct . I've attached Muster Roll of John Althause's Company of New [14], In addition to the field officers, captains and captain-lieutenants were assigned each day to command in the batteries. Olive Tree Genealogy was chosen by Family Tree Magazine as one of the 101 Best Genealogy Websites 2017! The march they chose was The World Turned Upside Down. The anecdote was told second hand by a Maj. William Jackson of Philadelphia, who claimed to have received the information from Lt. Col. John Laurens. He asked for a cease fire that day leading to his surrender two days later. Often this Army was reinforced with units created by individual states. October 9. Revolutionary War Rolls, 1775-1783; Microfilm Publication M246, 138 rolls; NAID: 602384; War Department Collection of Revolutionary War Records, Record Group 93; The National Archives in Washington, D.C. [13], Prior to the beginning of the bombardment Knox issued orders that a Field officer of artillery will be appointed every day to command in the Trenches he will pointedly attend that the firing is well-directed according to the object and further ordered that the officers of Artillery in the Batteries are to level every piece themselves. Colonel Lamb and Lieutenant Colonel Stevens took the first days assignment as field officer of, respectively, the batteries and the artillery park; subsequently Lieutenant Colonel Carrington and Major Bauman relieved Lamb and Stevens and that cycle continued throughout the siege. [12] John Bell Tilden, Extracts from the Journal of Lieutenant John Bell Tilden, Second Pennsylvania Line, 1781-1782, Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 19 (1895): 60; Orderly Books for Col. John Lambs Second Regiment, New York Historical Society, entries for October 9-17, 1781; Octavius Pickering, Life of Timothy Pickering (Boston: Little, Brown, and Company, 1867), 1: 305; Sims, Military Career of John Lamb, 139. 6x gr.grandfather and John ludwig married his daughter and It is so dramatic, in fact, that playwright and composer Lin-Manuel Miranda wrote his own version of the fictional tune to cap the Battle of Yorktown scene in his Broadway hit Hamilton. We place some essential cookies on your device to make this website work. [5] William W. Reynolds, Virginia State and Continental Regiments at the Siege of Yorktown, Military Collector & Historian 68 (2016): 347. Access to Military Service and Pension Records. Therefore, not all individuals who served in the Revolutionary War will be found in this database. To trace a mans army career by way of the musters, you will have to know the name of his regiment. 40, no. When the latter moved his army to Yorktown in August Lafayette followed and positioned his force, including Savages artillery, to block any attempt by Cornwallis to escape once he became aware of his isolation. The Modern Military Branch, National Archives and Records Administration, 8601 Adelphi Road, College Park, MD 20740-6001, has custody of deck logs from 1941 to 1983, as well as muster rolls. Uploaded by Corp'l 19, 1781 The outcome in Yorktown, Virginia marked the conclusion of the last major battle of the American Revolution and the start of a new nation's independence. In regard to the Militia, very little is known and that little is extremely fragmentary. The other five captains were present during the siege. Montgomery, Thomas Lynch. This series is arranged in two chronological segments (18981930 and 19311939), and thereunder alphabetically by the name or type of vessel or shore unit. The British surrender forecast the end of British rule in the colonies and the birth of a new nationthe United States of America.
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