The data that support the findings of this study are available from URSAPHARM Arzneimittel GmbH but restrictions apply to the availability of these data, which were used under license for the current study, and so are not publicly available. When treated with N-0385, 70% of the mice survived and had little to no lung damage. A TMPRSS2 inhibitor acts as a pan-SARS-CoV-2 prophylactic and therapeutic. 20, e192e197. Article The reduction in virus load over the entire treatment period was clinically meaningful for all three groups (p<0.0001 for both genes). were involved in data management. It should be noted that the SARS-CoV-2 alpha variant (B.1.1.7) was the dominant variant in Germany during the enrolment phase of the current study16. Biophys. Various studies have looked at the role of different foods in preventing coronavirus infection severe Covid-19 These include seaweed and grapefruit-based nasal sprays, dark chocolate, tuna. 4). J. Infect. volume13, Articlenumber:6839 (2023) China and India approve nasal COVID vaccines are they a game changer? Odhar, H. A. et al. Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, its treatment via the nasal route has been studied for a range of drugs17. Now, researchers at Swansea University will test it against Covid-19 Now, researchers at Swansea University. The preventive application of a hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose nasal spray showed promising results in an observational survey, indicating that it may reduce SARS-CoV-2 infection rates19. If you find something abusive or that does not comply with our terms or guidelines please flag it as inappropriate. For clarity reason, only cp/mL values of the ORF 1a/b gene are shown in the main text of the manuscript. A research study at Swansea University is examining the efficacy of Boots Dual Defence - a 5.99 nasal spray containing seaweed - in preventing people becoming ill with Covid and reducing the . HG, MS, and FK declare no conflict of interest. Internet Explorer). However, a rinsing and diluting effect of the placebo formulation would have led to an underestimation of the effect of the use of the azelastine nasal spray. Cornell research team to develop COVID-19 nose spray treatment. 13, 861295. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2022.861295 (2022). In this context, it is interesting to note that publications indicate that individuals vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 have lower viral loads and are less contagious24,25. Bullinger, M., Kirchberger, I. To obtain Cornell Daily Sun. EudraCT number: 2020-005544-34. 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P. et al. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. "CofixRX is an antiviral nasal spray that offers up to 8 hours of protection from many cold and flu viruses." [from your CofixRx Nasal Spray product label] "Lasts for up to 8 hours per. also provided experimental evidence for the inhibition of the enzyme in a kinetic activity assay7. Google Scholar. https://doi.org/10.1089/088318703322751327 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMc2027040 (2021). The most promising compound, N-0385, virtually stopped infection in its tracks. Front. Get the most important science stories of the day, free in your inbox. Preliminary results of the current study have been published as preprint15. COVID-19 Get the latest information from the CDC about COVID-19. 147, 400401. New methods of fast-acting COVID-19 prevention are being researched to make it safer to be in large public gatherings like sporting events or concerts. When treated with N-0385, 70% of the mice survived and had little to no lung damage. Infect. Scientists are working on fast-acting nasal sprays to block coronavirus infections but formulating the sprays is a challenge. How nasal-spray vaccines could change the pandemic, How much virus does a person with COVID exhale? Ann. 24 COVID-19 status classified as negative, asymptomatic, mild, or severe. and F.H. While PCR results in the placebo group turned negative only on day 11 of treatment, individual patients of the 0.1% azelastine group already showed negative PCR test results from day 2 on. Following sampling, swabs were placed into 3mL Virus Transport Medium (VTM, Biocomma) and delivered to the laboratory as quickly as possible. Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter what matters in science, free to your inbox daily. was responsible for the patient disposition. First report on a double-blind placebo-controlled phase II clinical trial. P.A.de.A., H.M. and H.A.S. Approval of the study by the German Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (BfArM) was given on 3rd February 2021. The antiviral also could offer an alternative to people who cannot or do not respond to a vaccine. Boots Dual Defence Nasal Spray Family Bundle - 4 x 20ml Boots Dual Defence Nasal Spray Family Bundle - 4 x 20ml 20.00 Save 3.96 Worth 23.96 when bought separately 1486004 Maximum quantity reached Add to basket Add to favourites Collect 80 Boots Advantage Card points with this purchase Product details In this bundle: Kalle Saksela, MD, PhD, virologist, University of Helsinki, Nature Communications: Intranasal trimeric sherpabody inhibits SARS-CoV-2 including recent immunoevasive Omicron subvariants.. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. the epithelium, to recreate the first line of defense against respiratory viruses. Use the Previous and Next buttons to navigate the slides or the slide controller buttons at the end to navigate through each slide. Overall, data of the primary outcome did not show a normal distribution (ShapiroWilk test, p<0.05). It would be desirable to use a validated, COVID-19 specific questionnaire in future studies, and first attempts for its development are promising32. The mean bmi of participants was 24.915.27. ISSN 1476-4687 (online) Future studies will help understanding the impact of azelastine hydrochloride in treating SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. Pharmaceutics 14, 2502. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14112502 (2022). 4). An essential round-up of science news, opinion and analysis, delivered to your inbox every weekday. Instructions for storing, preparing, and administering the study treatment will be provided to participants. Biochem. Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL. What scientists say. By blocking that access, compounds that target TMPRSS2 have the potential to be effective against both current and future variants. The current proof-of-concept study served to investigate if nasally applied azelastine may have the potential to reduce the viral load (via blocking viral entry and viral replication) in patients tested positively for SARS-CoV-2. Intern. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Soft mist inhalers are propellant-free devices that are slightly larger than conventional metered dose inhalers. The median/mean viral load value (ORF 1a/b gene) of the ITT analysis set at enrolment was log10 7.23/6.851.31 cp/mL (approximately 7 million viral copies per mL, the highest values being~540 million cp/mL). Early intervention with azelastine nasal sprays reduces viral load in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. Lancet Respir. Struct. BR, SMS, HS, CA, NW, SA, and RM are employees of ClinCompetence Cologne, the CRO which organized this trial. Comirnaty is FDA-approved as a 2-dose series for the prevention of COVID-19 in individuals 12 years of age and older. Importantly, the AUC analysis depicting the viral load decrease based on the detection of the ORF 1a/b gene over the 11-day treatment period showed a significantly greater reduction of virus load in the 0.1% azelastine group compared to placebo. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-32546-z, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-32546-z. and JavaScript. Boots Dual Defence, which contains Carragelose, a patented version of iota-carrageenan, is already clinically proven to help shorten the duration and severity of cold and flu-like symptoms,[ii] and new in-vitro (test tube) laboratory study results suggest that Carragelose could also reduce the risk of an infection with SARS-CoV-2, the virus which & Ware, J. Initial viral loads were log10 6.851.31 (meanSD) copies/mL (ORF 1a/b gene). Vitiello, A., Ferrara, F., Troiano, V. & La Porta, R. COVID-19 vaccines and decreased transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Front. The physical and mental health summary scores of the SF-36 questionnaire improved during the course of the treatment without statistical differences between groups (data not shown). Thus, eligibility criteria were designed carefully to investigate a clearly defined, homogeneous study population of low-risk patients with a narrow age range. The surface of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, is covered with spike proteins. Med. Overall, none of the participating patients had clinically relevant increased values of body temperature (data not shown). Med. In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles The efficacy of the treatment was judged as good or very good by 75.0% (0.1% azelastine treatment), 74.1% (0.02% azelastine treatment) and 50.0% (placebo treatment) of patients. . Smell Retraining Therapy. and B.S. This is similar to the natural SARS-CoV-2 clearance time of approximately 2weeks. https://cornellsun.com/2022/04/27/cornell-research-team-to-develop-covid-19-nose-spray-treatment/, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-04661-w, Antiviral Nasal Spray Shows Promise Fighting COVID-19. For data analysis, negative PCR results were replaced with the Ct value 45 and the cp/mL value 1, respectively. Reznikov et al. ITTintention to treat. Marshall, J. C. A minimal common outcome measure set for COVID-19 clinical research. Absolute changes in viral copy numbers (log10 cp/mL) from baseline (day 1) over time based on the ORF 1a/b gene (ITT analysis set). Marc, A. et al. This is exemplified by the emergence of the highly immune evasive omicron variant that is resistant to many monoclonal antibodies authorized for clinical use34. The reduction of the symptom score from baseline to day 11 was 8.389.42 in the 0.02% azelastine group and 11.129.45 in the placebo group. Patients aged 18 to 60years were eligible to participate if tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 in a Corona test centre by PCR test within 48h prior to inclusion and had to quarantine at home due to instructions of the local health authority. These nanobodies and TriSb92 target a specific part of the coronavirus spike protein called the receptor-binding domain (RBD). Rev. You can also search for this author in PubMed The 0.02% azelastine group showed an AUC value of 22.6412.56, which was not significantly different from the placebo group (p=0.022, Fig. It was assumed that all treatment groups present identical baseline virus load at enrolment with a mean value of 5.5 log10 copies/mL3 SD13,14. KaplanMeier analysis results regarding the ORF 1a/b gene from baseline (day 1) until day 11 of treatment (ITT analysis set). Patients had to daily document their COVID-19 specific symptoms in an electronic patient diary. ADS However, examples of prolonged nasal positivity have also been reported, and many factors are known to have an influence on the individual viral load and clearance27. Associate Professor Peter Friedland, from UWA's Medical School, was lead author of the study In vivo . The analysis of sum symptom scores showed that the study population (ITT analysis set) suffered from moderate symptoms (mean valuesSD: 38.5810.04) on day 1 of the study (supplementary Table S5). 1). H.S. Researchers supported in part by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) have developed a nasal spray that has the potential to not only treat COVID-19 but also prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection in a way that the virus cant mutate to avoid. Wlfel, R. et al. Liu, L. et al. SARS-CoV-2 infection progression starts with viral entrance mediated by the spike glycoproteins interaction with the host ACE2 receptor molecule. Klussmann, J.P., Grosheva, M., Meiser, P. et al. A nasal and mouth spray called "IGM-6268" is in the early stages of clinical trials. Overall, no significant differences were observed between treatment groups regarding gender, age and body mass index (bmi, supplementary Table S1). ADS As a sensitivity analysis based on the SARS-CoV-2 E gene PCR tended to show overall the same effects, PCR results of the E gene are shown in the supplementary material (supplementary Table S3 and S4). At the end of the treatment, 48.2% of the patients of the 0.1% azelastine group showed no detection of the ORF 1a/b gene, whereas only 23.1% of patients of the placebo group showed negative PCR results (supplementary Table S4). As expected, a continuous decrease in the mean virus load was observed in all study groups during the 11 treatment days. Article Ctcycle threshold. A final safety follow-up and assessment of the patient status (WHO scale) by phone call was done on day 60 (V9) for all patients. Prevention is the best medicine, and COVID-19 vaccines block most SARS-CoV-2 infections. TMPRSS2 is a protein in mouse and human cells that SARS-CoV-2 uses as a gateway to infect humans. The independent 25 variable was the nasal carriage of Bacillus species. For calibration purposes of quantitative assessments, reference samples were included with each PCR run. Overall, the current results are encouraging; however, further studies should be carried out to strengthen the findings, and treatment should be extended to other age and risk groups and cover individuals with different levels of symptom severity. PubMed Nature (Nature) Res. was the principal investigator responsible for the conduct of the study, M.G. Further endpoints include infection. Symptoms were analyzed as single symptom scores, and as the total symptom score (TSS) reflecting the sum of all 20 single symptoms and presence/absence of fever (reaching a minimum value of 20 and maximum value of 103). Symptoms were evaluated on a 5-point scale from 1=symptom absent or present very weakly to 5=symptom present very strongly: anosmia, ageusia, cough, sore throat, shortness of breath, coryza, general weakness, headache, aching limb, loss of appetite, pneumonia, nausea, abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, conjunctivitis, rash, lymph node swelling, apathy, somnolence. Amdal, C. D. et al. The sample size calculation was based on the expected reduction of virus load during the treatment considering 3 treatment arms. Quantifying the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 viral load and infectiousness. KaplanMeier survival analyses underlined those findings, indicating that mean times of a PCR result to turn negative was 9.96days (95% CI: 9.0210.90) in the 0.1% azelastine group, 10.21days (95% CI: 9.5710.86) in the 0.02% azelastine group and 11.00 (95% CI: 10.0010.77) in the placebo group (Fig. . On day 16, an on-site visit (V8) for female patients was conducted to perform a urine pregnancy test and to assess the safety of the therapy. Comirnaty may help your body develop immunity to SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. Boots Dual Defence Nasal Spray is used to dampen the symptoms of cold and flu. Negative PCR results appeared earlier and more frequently in the azelastine treated groups: being 18.52% and 21.43% in the 0.1% and 0.02% groups, respectively, compared to 0% for placebo on day 8. All rights reserved. Objectives: The Hungarian vaccination campaign was conducted with five different vaccines during the third wave of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in 2021. New research has answers, COVID's future: mini-waves rather than seasonal surges, Are repeat COVID infections dangerous? It also appears to work as a treatment if used within 4 hours after infection inside the nose, new research reveals., Known as TriSb92(brand name Covidin, from drugmaker Pandemblock Oy in Finland), the viral inhibitoralso appears effective against all coronavirus variants of concern, neutralizing even the Omicron variants BA.5, XBB, and BQ.1.1 in laboratory and mice studies., Unlike a COVID vaccine that boosts a persons immune system as protection, the antiviral nasal spray works more directly by blocking the virus, acting as a "biological mask in the nasal cavity," according to the biotechnology company set up to develop the treatment..
