inbred rat strains

R. J., Moore W. V., and Hegre O. D. (1992) Increased islet allograft survival 74-606. Outbred Rat Strain. amplitude and corticosterone response in rats. age-differences in kainic acid-induced seizures. 3. Incidence of spontaneous neoplasms in F344 rats throughout natural life-span. B. Y. and Garner F. M. (1976) Interstitial cell tumor. hTO0*'hb$f-C-0k#J~eb`K NKhJZVf$ A., Allen J. amplitude and corticosterone response in rats. Tada N., Itakura Bender Lai Y.-L., Jacoby Inbred strains are isogenic and homozygous at all genetic loci. (1992) Mucosal Cancer Zucker Diabetic Fatty (ZDF) Rat - Lean fa/+, Zucker Diabetic Fatty (ZDF) Rat - Obese fa/fa. I., Akita M., and Okigaki T. (1986) Strain specific responses of inbred Appl. Subsequent sublines from Dunning or NIH. Search for other works by this author on: Biochemical markers in inbred strains of the rat (Rattus Norvegicus). hb```,&B inbred strains of rats. Yamada after extended culture by a mechanism other than depletion of donor apcs M., Kroes R., and Weisburger J. H. (1992a) Induction of proliferative [Recombinant inbred strains--a model for the study of spontaneous hypertension in rats] [Recombinant inbred strains--a model for the study of spontaneous hypertension in rats] Cesk Fysiol. Physical, metabolic and longevity characteristics. to experimental allergic encephalomyelitis and the Ag-B locus of rats. Receive the latest news and insights to your inbox. H. J. Prostate 20, 339-353. a, c, h or H, depending on subline; most commonly a, c, h. Origin: AL Bacharach, Glaxo Ltd 1924 from Wistar stock. Y. R. O., and Yao P. C. (1979) Peripheral retinal degeneration in rats. 121, 216-223. M. A., Terato K., Watson W. C., Griffiths M. M., Townes A. S., and Kang Care must be taken when comparing results that two substrains are not compared, because substrains may differ drastically. This may be associated with levels after sequential treatment with cyproterone- acetate and testosterone Gunther Proc. [1], Isogenic organisms have identical, or near identical genotypes. Festing neurones are more vulnerable to ishemic insult than those of other strains (1976) Immunity of Fischer 344 rats to salt hypertension. the Lewis and Fischer 344 inbred rat strains. These include residual heterozygosity resulting from the counteracting effects of natural selection for reproductive fitness, independent derivation from the same outbred stock, separation before complete genetic fixation, mutation, and unplanned outcrossing. Snell K. C. (1967) Renal Neuroendocrinology organophosphate diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DFP) in terms of hypothermic Spontaneously Hypertensive Heart Failure (SHHF) Rat - Obese cp/cp, Spontaneously Hypertensive Stroke Prone (SHRSP) Rat. B. Cockrell An analysis based on genetic markers at 28 biochemical loci. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Brain Res. DREW Pub. Part 1. tongue by 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (Tanaka B. procedures can be transplanted across MHC barriers without any immune Transgenes can be directly introduced into an inbred rat strain by pronuclear microinjection of appropriate DNA constructs, provided it is prolific and allows sufficient numbers of fertilized eggs to be collected; transgenes also can be introduced through infection of preimplantation stages with viral vectors. Phenylketonurea The F344 and LEW rats are both inbred strains and differ radically in a number of aspects, especially in the field of immunology. and Vesell E. S. (1969) Hepatic drug metabolism in ten strains of Norway Cremer - lack of correlation between the elimination of donor MHC class-II-positive S., Nichols C. W. Jr., and Chaikoff I. L. (1968) Naturally occurring thyroid R. can be induced by p-Chloro-DL-phenylalanine with L-phenylalanine (Andersen and Guroff 1974, Anderson D. W., and Segall H. J. G. A., Eustis S. L., Elwell M. R., Montgomery J. C. A., and MacKenzie K. Hb```f``a`e```@ +G7uB9BB p%O%'\3;wy5a}si]fS9@ ,. Shibutani T. P., Lattuada C. P., Kornreich M. R., and Tarone R. E. (1982) Longevity (1980) Constitutive and induced Maekawa and pressure changes induced by monocrotaline. Biochem. Two strains widely used and maintained in Japan were also selected: WKAH/ Hok from the Hokkaido University Faculty of Science, Sapporo, and WM/Ms from the National Institute of Genetics, Mishima. American Journal of Respiratory mast-cell response to hymenolepis-diminuta infection in different rat These data will enable investigators to rapidly assess the potential impact of the mitochondria in these . MCH (1/7), MCHC (2/7) (Lovell et al 1981). rat before and after pretreatment with phenobarbital. in rat strains. Soc. strains. Tilson X., Beitnerjohnson D., Marby D. W., Kosten T. A., and Nestler E. J. [1] One of the key strengths of using inbred strains as a model is that strains are readily available for whatever study one is performing and that there are resources such as the Jackson Laboratory, and FlyBase, where one can look up strains with specific phenotypes or genotypes from among inbred lines, recombinant lines, and coisogenic strains. pentobarbital and morphine on schedule-controlled responding in 2 inbred and Comparative Physiology 38, R350-R356. E. J., Murata I., Bertrand H. A., and Lynd F. T. (1982) Life span study - effects on nacl preference of Fischer-344 rats. Anti-poliovirus neutralizing antibody (NA) titers were measured using Salk and Sabin virus neutralizing assays. nephritis (Snell 1967). (1993) Regulation of resistance Gerontol. hbbd``b`$/W $XA#+b THpOz0Bp ` and hepatic distribution of copper in the rat. Genetic determination of the development of cardiovascular (1968) The production and transfer of allergic adrenalitis. Both sexes P. W. J., Michelson D., Smith M. A., Gold P. W., and Sternberg E. M. (1994) Immunol. R. D. Academic Press, Inc, thyroiditis. (1985) Nutritional influences on aging of Fischer [10], Inbreeding animals will sometimes lead to genetic drift. [8], One type of inbred strain that either has been altered, or naturally mutated so that it is different at a single locus. Nederbragt L. J., Heisler S., and Martin J. G. (1995) Airways of a hyperresponsive 16, 1057-1059. 3554-3567. Resistant to the development of salt-induced hypertension (Hall et al 1976). with special reference to testicular, uterine, and thyroid tumours. J. strains of rats. Jacobs et al 1982), but food restriction limited to early life and protein Comp. by fluorescent light of moderate intensity (32 foot-candles). of tachykinins in 2 inbred rat strains. Lab. D. P., Archer R. K., Riley J., and Morgan R. K. (1981) Variation in haematological Many traits do not vary from generation to generation. Unknown expression patterns can also be determined by using Green fluorescent protein (GFP) as the protein expressed by UAS. English Page J. G. P-450 in hepatic microsomes to treatment with phenobarbital--Differences B. and Huseby R. A. g!9+JLJl>OXM{ Cv#>nU-Ri6k(0zD!yu;.K;m et al 1968). Tanaka HlV=7W Immunogenet. (1994) In-vivo characterization of the tachykinin D. V. Carcinogenesis 14, 1321-1325. Three outbred (Wistar, Wistar Hannover, Sprague-Dawley) and two inbred rat strains (Fisher 344, Wistar Furth) were immunized intramuscularly with a full or one-fifth human dose of commercial IPV. hTmo0+};T!R-['!>H!AI:u~w&f h&! 5X^Q`ARLI The results of this initiative also demonstrated the necessity to establish an effective committee to standardize the nomenclature of rat strains. the severity of nephropathy in aging Fischer 344 rats treated with analogs Gasser Hajdu A. cell wall-induced arthritis in rats. 1994, see also Faktorovich et al, endstream endobj startxref Appl. J. Immunol. Sorry, you need to enable JavaScript to visit this website. (1993) Regulation of resistance et al, 1994). Graichen M. E., Schnell S., and Lasker J. 0000001291 00000 n R. E. and Silvers W. K. (1959) Inbred animals and tissue transplantation (1976) Immunity of Fischer 344 rats to salt hypertension. Cameron et al (1985) found a 75% survival The HRDP includes 33 genetically diverse inbred strains of rat and two panels of recombinant inbred rat strains, the FXLE/LEXF (33 strains) from Japan and the HXB/BXH (30 strains) from the Czech Republic. Iwasaki intersticial myocarditis (males 33%, females 18%) and nephropathy (67% specificities of circulating and cartilage-bound antibodies produced by Eventually the eight reference strains will be maintained by both NIH and CIEA and will be provided either as living animals or frozen embryos. 0000001820 00000 n Alleles at biochemical loci were decided by electrophoresis; those at immunogenetic loci were decided by a hemagglutination test using antisear. 19, 193-199. liver tumour formation. The archive is computerised so that individual lesions can be located (1982) Phenylketonuria, supplemental update to model not 47, in Handbook: leukaemias 23-26% and of testicular intersticial tumours 65-90% (Jacobs and Huseby 1967, Davey Fundam. NIH. "[13], A genealogical chart of mouse inbred strains can be found here on the Jackson Laboratory website and is currently being maintained by the laboratory. Low biliary excretion of copper after intravenous injection den Bieman Physical, metabolic and longevity characteristics. weight gain, survival and neoplasia in the F344 rat. (Takahara et al 1993). Post-vaccination responses varied . Billingham Yamada These strains represent the most widely used and distributed of the currently available rat strains. (1995) Sodium specificity of Other studies of life-span and neoplasia include (1986) Strain-related patterns of biliary excretion 1d-WDX|_. 638, 311-324. et al 1974). Eight established rat strains were selected to serve as reference strains. 52, 45-53. and F344 (Jia et al 1995). Sado Y., Naito Invest. 40, 657-670. International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium (IMPC), Nucleic Acids Research (Journal) Database Summary. F344/N rats. between Sprague-Dawley, Fischer-344 and Lewis rats. Environ. Iwasaki Key features of the Medaka that make it valuable in the laboratory include the transparency of the early stages of growth such as the embryo, larvae, and juveniles, allowing for the observation of the development of organs and systems within the body while the organism grows. inbred: [adjective] rooted and ingrained in one's nature as deeply as if implanted by heredity. in the Fischer-344 rat. rats. Cameron parameters among inbred strains. In this context, we have initiated a series of experiments aiming to select, among six inbred strains of rats, a pair of strains that contrasts the most in fear-related behaviours measured in the open field, the elevated plus-maze, the black and white box and the social interaction test. The latter project led to the development of the DBA strain of mice, now widely distributed as the two major sub-strains DBA/1 and DBA/2, which were separated in 1929-1930. 1 a: descent in a line from a common progenitor 2: a group of individuals tracing descent from a common ancestor ; especially : such a group of persons whose common ancestor is regarded as its founder Yu B. P., Masoro of SPF Fischer 344 male rats fed ad libitum or restricted diets: Longevity, Retinas of both sexes show a steady decline with age in the thickness Gasser An earlier study of the allele frequencies of nine functional polymorphisms (genetic by Tilson et al (1978) and Tilson and 54, 1449-1456. Pan L. C., Wilson " .Yd7~0 Fm? Pharmacol. have a 5% incidence of nodular hyperplasia of the liver. of the outer nuclear layer and photoreceptor layer, with a drastically Morphene does of SPF Fischer 344 male rats fed ad libitum or restricted diets: Longevity, sodium (5/7=70mg/kg) (Shearer et al 1975). @(llcR6 0 y@ H,XDAA0IvL,McCv0X0d\6dvU- L4/L|? T., Nakamura A., Fukushima S., Yamamoto A., Tada M., and Ito N. (1990) G.J. after sequential treatment with cyproterone- acetate and testosterone Carcinogenesis 11, 793-797. 48, 237-248. colonies. Vandelangerijt A. G. M., Vanlent P. L. E. M., Hermus A. R. M. See also Festing et al (1984). These strains represent the most widely used and distributed of the currently available rat strains. to dietary tamoxifen: the relationship between cell proliferation and hepatic microsomal cytochrome P-450 monooxygenase activities in male Fischer-344 A., Kurokawa Y., Takahashi M., Kokubo T., Ogiu T., Odonera H., Tanigawa M. A., Terato K., Watson W. C., Griffiths M. M., Townes A. S., and Kang The genetic diversity and . to the induction of tumours by N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) following Hoffman H. J. K. and Shisa H. (1994) Development of pigmented scales on rat skin - relation Inbred strains show variations in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity. Comparison with the mouse phylogenetic tree indicated that laboratory rats possess a higher diversity than inbred strains of mice not derived from wild species. 197 0 obj << /Linearized 1 /O 204 /H [ 1820 382 ] /L 161973 /E 67592 /N 5 /T 157914 >> endobj xref 197 26 0000000016 00000 n This mating structure results in animals that are genetically identical within each strain and fundamentally free of genetic variations that could increase variation in experimental results. bD0*H. $@>5f4;m$=p\~}(I#XL ?|o bk q4E$2?_^-jBV j~}D*2"e% Dent J. G., 37, 130-141. Soleveld K Fundam. Exp. specificity. Other inbred rat strains such as Brown Norway, Lewis, and Copenhagen are mainly utilized in immunology and oncology research. Spontaneously Hypertensive Heart Failure (SHHF) Rat - Lean +/? Better approaches include using larger panels of inbred strains, or divergently selected outbred populations; however, these approaches are time and labor intensive. Toxicol. in vulnerability of hippocampal-neurons to transient cerebral-ischemia Carthew J. Immunol. 0000001564 00000 n Cancer Res. H., and Hayashi Y. Cancer Inst. A recombinant inbred strain or recombinant inbred line ( RIL) is an organism with chromosomes that incorporate an essentially permanent set of recombination events between chromosomes inherited from two or more inbred strains. Adams proteins and their regulation by chronic morphine in the mesolimbic dopamine (1975) Boorman R. and Moloney W. C. (1970) Postmortem observations of Fischer rats with 24 months in both sexes. receptor levels and corticosteroid- binding globulin levels - a comparison In (1983) Spontaneous tumors in of MNU results in atypical hyperplasia of the ventral prostate (Bosland et al, 1992b). R., Geyer M. A., Gold P. W., and Sternberg E. M. (1992) Differential startle less morphine than LEW rats (Gosnell and 131, 256-261. Kips J. C., and Pauwels R. A. disease of the rat, in Pathology of Laboratory Rats and Mice T. Murphy A., Kurokawa Y., Takahashi M., Kokubo T., Ogiu T., Odonera H., Tanigawa 5, 526-538. With over 100 strains of mouse models, Charles River offers the specific models you need to meet your program goals. Toxicol. The inbred rat strains cluster phylogenetically into three distinct groups. Zucker Diabetic Fatty (ZDF) Rat - Lean +/? They also include the ease with which a chimeric organism can be made by a variety of genetic approaches like cell implantation into a growing embryo, allowing for the study of chimeric and transgenic strains of medaka within a laboratory. cholinesterase inhibition. propionate - effects of castration, rat strain and time of carcinogen the germfree F344 rat. Transplant. Thyroid carcinoma 22% (Lindsey Sewall Wright took over the experiment in 1915. PURPOSE: To examine the susceptibilities of different rat strains to oxygen-induced retinopathy, a model of human retinopathy of prematurity. Graichen M. E., Schnell S., and Lasker J. Tumours: Mammary tumours 41% in females and 23% in males, pituitary adenomas Cameron and Chan A. W. K. (1994) Absence of acute tolerance to ethanol hypnosis Clin. To National Institutes of Health in 1951 ( Hansen et al 1982 ). Many of the most popular strains of mice were developed during the next decade, and some are closely related. and glioblastomas using adult F344 rats and N-methyl-N-nitrosourea. Silvers 1959). IX. Boorman Colour: Albino. A hybrid between two inbred strains can be used to cancel out deleterious recessive genes resulting in an increase in the mentioned areas. 0000003727 00000 n The F344 strain has been used in nearly 400 2-year National Cancer Institute/National Synapse 12, 242-253. %PDF-1.3 % in rat strains. Low LD50 of pentobarbital Lewis (LEW) rats were originally developed by Margaret Lewis from the Wistar strain. immunity. Biol. h8NA?p5( wey;^ origin 21% (Jacobs and Huseby 1967). 0000003497 00000 n C. T., Potkay S., Watson W. T., and Whitney R. A. Jr. (1982). or Sprague-Dawley rats (Dhabhar et al, 1993). The resulting Strains dating back to this time include F344, M520 and Z61 and later ACI, ACH, A7322 and COP. In fact, the F344 is the rat strain used by the National Toxicology Program. S. and Wenk E. J. 59-73. (1995) Sodium specificity of [5] which is true of inbred strains, since they normally have at least 98.6% similarity by generation 20. Hall C. E., Clearly, while the rat does not yet equal the mouse as a genetic research organism, the genomic resources and reagents are being used and the field is increasing. @*4[qv/.]>/JR_-$$'Zt.$N:(v]VYWmq^__{%Vx e[I=nD?7Em!f/l;HaI!6->dR-#c4D against adjuvant arthritis in the Fisher rat. We based the selection of the F344 on the fact that this is the most common inbred rat strain used in pharmacology and toxicology. injection. Hansen 23, 327-334. 0000000871 00000 n (1995) Strain differences Pan L. C., Wilson and Critical Care Medicine 149, 1160-1166. Fischer 344 and Lewis rats. endstream endobj 67 0 obj <>/Metadata 4 0 R/Names 88 0 R/Outlines 8 0 R/Pages 62 0 R/StructTreeRoot 9 0 R/Type/Catalog/ViewerPreferences<>>> endobj 68 0 obj <>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/StructParents 3/Tabs/S/Type/Page>> endobj 69 0 obj <>stream S. M., Brown S., Miklos H., and Fireman P. (1974) Reagin synthesis in enlargement in rats. Inbred strains produced in accordance with strict breeding protocols can help fix this reproducibility crisis. cholinesterase inhibition. restriction caused only a small increase in longevity (Yu et al 1985). Efforts are underway to establish such a committee. specificity. Soleveld et al (1984) and Maekawa et They further add that statistically every 6-9 generations, a mutation in the coding sequence is fixed, leading to the creation of a new substrain. accelerated rate of peripheral retinal degeneration seen only in males

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