The Ancient Egypt 101 video (above) is an ideal place to start them on their exploration of that civilization. In a drive to modernize, Egypt plans to move millions of people to new desert cities, including a seat of government east of Cairo. Now, cutting-edge technology is enabling us to shine a powerful new light on our collective past. National Geographic Society. The Northern Africa and Arabian components in Egypt are representative of that ancient migratory route, as well as later migrations from the Fertile Crescent back into Africa; with the spread of agriculture over the past 10,000 years, and migrations in the seventh century, with the spread of Islam from the Arabian Peninsula," the NGGP study said. If you purchased your kit from Helix's online store or from any other non-National Geographic vendor, contact Helix customer service at support@helix.com or at 844-211-2070, Monday through Friday from 8:00am - 5:00pm . It is this which tells us of where peoples of countries or ethnicities came from. Its western end is at the southeastern corner of the Mediterranean, the center lies directly north of Arabia, and the eastern end is at the northern end of the Persian Gulf. A guide to Exploring Your Journey (Genographic Project). Found the official FTDNA explanation. Biogeographical Regions (Geno 2.0 Next Generation). The DNA Analysis Repository is a central database that manages DNA data from around the world for the Genographic Project. [4] Paul Rincon, Crusaders left genetic legacy (BBC News, 27 March 2008). 26 September 2014, 04:08 PM. PROFESSOR PHIL BOOTH AND HIS WRITINGS ON THE CHRONICLE OF JOHN OF NIKIU, A NEW PROJECT DEDICATED TO THE CRITICAL EDITION OF THE CHRONICLE OF JOHN OF NIKIU, KIND REQUEST FROM ON COPTIC NATIONALISM JOURNAL TO ITS READERS, COPTIC RELATIONS WITH ROME 1: PURCHAS ACCOUNT. From its inception until 2015, the project was led by Spencer Wells, an explorer-in-residence at the National Geographic Society, before he left to found Austin, Texas-based Insitome. In this Oz-like urban miracle, one rather idiosyncratic building, already finished, stands out: Egypts Capitals Museum. We have a saying: Work in silence, and let the success do the talking.. This government-induced mass migration is part of El Sisis greater remaking of Egypt, which involves relocating millions of citizens to newly constructed cities and developing an elaborate transportation network that will connect residents from Cairo to agricultural districts in the Nile Delta and all the way to the Mediterranean coast, 150 miles away. They exist in the Egyptians genetic pool in the proportions stated above, namely 65%, 18% and 14%, respectively. Here is the history. Another comment made by IPCB founder Debra Harry was that the Genographic Project served as a method to discredit kin relations through the possibility that ancestral identities may be invalidated and to deny Indigenous peoples access and authority over the resource-rich territories that they had for long inhabited. As the name suggests, the museum celebrates cities that have been the seat of government during the countrys 5,000 years of recorded history. GP recognised this, and therefore in its more advanced Geno 2.0 Next Generation phase it divided the UK populations into British, which mainly means English since 85% of the UK is English, Irish and Scottish. The Irish, Scottish and English have different genetic makeup although they greatly share in the Great Britain and Ireland ancestry region genetic blend. Taking the construction crews creaky elevator to the 52nd floor, I had a clear vantage of the new capitals planned districtsfor businesses, for diplomats, for parliament, for the governments ministries, and for the president. EVEN THE LORDS PRAYER IS MESSED UP WHEN THE COPTIC PARTICLE IS MISUNDERSTOOD! The Genographic Project In April 2005, the National Geographic Society (NGS) announced its partnership with the IBM Corporation to launch the Genographic Project. Implicit in this narrative of Egyptian history is the argument that relocating ones capital constitutes a momentous but also somewhat customary turn of events. When its finished, more than six million people are expected to live in this city 30 miles east of Cairo, relieving pressure on the overcrowded Nile Valley. SPENCER WELLS, PH.D. A National Geographic Explorer-in-Residence, Dr. Spencer Wells is a leading population geneticist and the director of the Genographic Project, on which National Geographic Channel's The Human Family Tree is based. Thus, scientists are able to divide the world into specific regions ancestry regions that possess particular genetic makeup. Treatment of Non-Genetic Personal InformationInformation we collect from and about you when you visit National Geographics other websites or purchase the Geno 2.0 Next Gen Helix Product or other products, such as your full name, email address, mailing address, or consumer product preferences, is Non-Genetic Personal Information. Non-Genetic Personal Information does not include Genographic Genetic Information. Dr Spencer Wells and a team of National Geographic scientists retrace the footsteps of 200 random New Yorkers and prove they are all cousins in the "family of man."On the most diverse street in the most diverse city in the most diverse country in the world, a team of National Geographic scientists will swab the cheeks of some 200 random New Yorkers. [1] Definition by the International Society of Genetic Geneaology. It is composed of a wide variety of ethnicities and religions, just like in Egypt, including Muslim, Christian and Druze. When I returned to Egypt in June for the first time . One of the largest was the growth of Islam, centred in modern-day Saudi Arabia., It adds: Today, this ancestral component occurs at highest frequency in people from Saudi Arabia, Jordan, Oman, Yemen, United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Kuwait, and Iraq.. After over 10 years of analyzing DNA samples from hundreds of people, the National Geographic Genographic Project (NGGP) surprisingly uncovered the fact that Egyptians are not Arabs as most of them believed. Egypts new 889 million museum is fit for a pharaoh. In a years time, perhaps less, what also had been nothing but desert will shimmer with thousands of new residences. Launched in April 2005, the collaboration between IBM and the National Geographic Society is creating a comprehensive knowledge base of our shared genetic heritage, a unique resource that continues to refine our understanding of . The government has revealed few details about the construction, including where all the money is coming from for this building boom, except to insist that it wont cost Egyptian taxpayers anything. [1] The final phase of the project was Geno 2.0 Next Generation. The Genographic Project used advanced DNA analyses to work with indigenous communities and the general public with the goal to answer fundamental questions about where we originated and how we. In addition to hulking marble likenesses of historic Egyptian rulers displayed prominently on the first floor, a life-size bronze statue of President Abdel Fattah el Sisi stands in solitude on the second floor. Geno 2.0 Next Generation gives further detail, and identify six refined ancestral regions, represented in the graph below: From this graph, it is clear that the Egyptian genetic makeup is made mainly by two components: Northern African (68%) and Southwest Asia & Persian Gulf (17%); four other components had their contribution but minimally: 4% Jewish Diaspora and 3% for each of Asia Minor, East Africa and Sothern Europe. [3] Field researchers at eleven regional centers around the world began by collecting DNA samples from indigenous populations. In a 2013 speech to the Southern California Genealogical Society, Spencer Wells discussed its encouragement of citizen scientists. and lasted as a leading economic and cultural influence throughout North Africa and parts of the Levant until it was conquered by the Macedonians in 332 B.C.E. Anthony Fielding is Research Professor in Human Geography at the University of Sussex, and has been researching migration for over 40 years. Compare with, e.g., the British reference group: the British genetic pool has only 3% of the Jewish component. [3] Pierre A. Zalloua et al, Y-Chromosomal Diversity in Lebanon Is Structured by Recent Historical Events. This version has a Genographic Project Participant ID code that begins with the letters XT. The National Geographic Genographic Project (NGGP) has analyzed DNA samples of people from all around the world in an attempt to uncover the origins of the different nationalities. I will use a few examples to help eventually in understanding the Egyptian reference population. The business district, with its 77-story Iconic Tower, is still under construction. The Genographic Project by the National Geographic Society provides a DNA testing kit that allows customers to discover their own deep ancestry. Still, its presence is an indication that Egypts authoritarian leader has tied his legacy to the founding of a new capital. Before they watch the video, have student volunteers to share any information they already know about ancient . Providing You With Deep Ancestry InsightsNational Geographics analysis of your Genographic Genetic Information will produce your deep ancestry insights. Visiting Cairo and the beach resorts from here will seem effortless, thanks to a new high-speed rail system. Published 19 Oct 2022, 16:00 BST. In May 2006, the project came to the attention of the United Nations Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues (UNPFII). Umm Abdu considered the new look of her country. HOW DOES THE GENOGRAPHIC PROJECT GENO 2.0 NEXT GENERATION EXPLAIN THESE SIX COMONENTS IN THE MODERN EGYPTIANS GENETIC POOL? Meanwhile the Lebanese society is the most diverse among Arab countries, as 44 percent are of Arab origins, 14 percent are Jewish, 11 percent are from North African descent, 10 percent are from Asia Minor, five percent are South European and only two percent are East African. It adds: This component is likely the signal of the Neolithic population expansion from the Middle East, beginning around 8,000 years ago, likely from the western part of the Fertile Crescent. The Neolithic Age (also called New Stone Age) began around 10,000 BC, when humans first developed farming, transitioning themselves in the parts where agriculture first appeared from hunting and gathering to agriculture, which allowed settlement in huts and houses in villages and towns, and led to the establishment of organised societies that used polished stone tools that could govern themselves, and were able to domesticate animals and make pottery. And it will be a resolutely crime-free onewith a government protected from protests like those in 2011 that toppled Hosni Mubaraks regimecourtesy of a citywide surveillance system designed by the U.S. firm Honeywell. GenoChip is specifically designed for anthropological testing and includes SNPs from autosomal DNA, X-chromosome DNA, Y-chromosome DNA and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). As to why Egypt has elected to do so, the Capitals Museum offers a clue. (Egypts new museum is fit for a pharaoh). I was not permitted to wander the new city unescorted. Participation by indigenous and traditional communities and the general public enable the important work of the Genographic Project, while entire organizations such as National Geographic, IBM and The Waitt Family Foundation have contributed innumerable . Anyway, these being separated, GP Geno 2.0 Next Generation says that 17% of the modern Egyptians genetic pool is made of Arabian genetic blend. If you agree to contribute your results to this scientific research effort, National Geographic may ask you to provide Self-Reported Information in the My Profile section of the Genographic website. The study presented graphs that show the global genetic makeup of nationals in each country. Here, everything will be orderly and polishedand gigantic: the tallest office building in Africa, the continents biggest mosque and biggest cathedral, a public gathering area twice as long as New York Citys Central Park. But my criticism of the GPs results on Egypt are more about its research methodology. Some of these improvements may focus on how easy it is to use the Genographic website. As the graph below shows, only 17 percent of Egyptians are Arabs, while 68 percent of the indigenous population is from North Africa, four percent are from Jewish ancestry, three percent are of East African origins, another three percent from Asia Minor and three percent are South European. All rights reserved, Copyright 1996-2015 National Geographic Society, Copyright 2015-2023 National Geographic Partners, LLC. A huge number of Cairenes will have their lives upended. Launched publicly in late 2012, the chip tests approximately 10,000 Y-DNA SNPs that . The GP says that, This component is associated with the border regions that separate southeastern Europe and southwestern Asia around the Mediterranean, Black, and Caspian Seas Today, this component is found at its highest frequency in people from Turkey, Lebanon, Iraq, and the Caucasus countries.. Where do I go to order the Geno 2.0 Next Generation kit? It is also found at lower frequencies north of the Sahara, in populations such as the Tunisians and Egyptians. You may order the Geno 2.0 Next Generation Genographic Project Participation and DNA Ancestry Kit from National Geographic's Genographic Project. The 77-story ebony Iconic Tower was without tenants or, for that matter, appliances and finished walls. Your email address will not be published. This may include details about your family tree. image: This figure shows a dimensionality reduction method, UMAP, applied to genetic data from the National Geographic Genographic Project, where each dot represents one individual, with colors . Automated trains will carry an estimated 600,000 passengers a day, whisking them between the two cities in an hour. These buildings under construction are part of the new capitals Fifth Residential Neighborhood. Egypt was a vast kingdom of the ancient world. BBC News science reporter. The spectacle will seem discordant with the everyday chaos that is Cairo. He is an associate editor of the Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies. There is no suggestion that they migrated directly from Palestine to Egypt, as we know there was a large Jewish presence in Roman and Byzantine Egypt in both Alexandria and Aswan. The researchers found that male genetic variation within Lebanon was more strongly structured by religious affiliation than by geography. Percentages indicate portions of "Biographical Regions" represented within the typical regional ancestry of a particular reference population. According to the project's calculations, the majority of Egyptian DNA is comprised of 68% North African genes. The centuries-old square, one of the citys best known, is surrounded by cultural landmarks and historic buildings. It is a research project from the National Geographic Society which encompass work carried out by their scientific team. From 2005 to 2019 Genographic engaged volunteers (in fieldwork and providing DNA samples) and citizen science projects. Idea for Use in the Classroom. In July 2020 the site was retired. For now, the capital dwellers consist principally of construction workers, thousands of whom are Chinese, since Chinas state-owned construction firm is the contractor for the Iconic Tower. Our number one goal was to relieve the overcrowding and the traffic, Ahmed Zaki Abdeen, who was overseeing the development at the time of my visit, told me as we sat in his office, situated among the government ministries in the new capital. For that matter, the gleaming postmodern cityscape of the New Administrative Capital will seem aesthetically familiar to anyone who has visited Dubai. National Geographic Society may disclose your Genographic Genetic Information and any email address you provided to participate in the Genographic program in response to legal process and when we believe that doing so is required by law, may be necessary to protect any persons property, rights, or safety, or to investigate a potential violation of law. Indeed, Egypt hardly stands alone in having done so recently. This is an emerging branch of science that combines DNA testing with archaeological, historical and linguistic evidence to reveal the history of ancient human migration, and to answer the questions, Where did we come from, and how did we get here?[1] What we are about here in our Egyptian context is to find out where did the modern Egyptians, thats the individuals described as indigenous Egyptians or native Egyptians come from, and how they get into Egypt of today. National Geographic's Genographic Project has been around since 2005, making it one of the earliest genetics tests. The Genographic Project, which combined IBM researchers with National Geographic, deployed a new analytical method that reconstructs common genetic history via recombinant DNA, which is . Improving the Geno 2.0 Next Gen Helix ProductNational Geographic is dedicated to providing current, reliable, and high-quality experiences. You can ask us to do so by sending an email to genographic@ngs.org. National Geographic's Genographic Project has used advanced DNA analysis and worked with indigenous communities to help answer fundamental questions about where humans originated and how we came to populate the Earth. [17] The IPCB also identified another attempt at biocolonialism in the Genographic Project. In this Part III I shall present the Egyptian results and explain them. All rights reserved. Genographic Project customers were able to transfer their results to the FTDNA database and benefit from the many surname, geographical and haplogroup projects. For the film, Wells and the Genographic team travel to one of the most diverse corners of the world . The shells of handsome residential communities with international-sounding names such as El Patio Oro, La Verde, and Celia stood vacant in rows. Molecular anthropology, or anthropological genetics, uses modern DNA to understand the history and evolution of the human species. In 1960, the Brazilian government relocated from Rio de Janeiro on the southeastern coast to a more central site in the savanna heartland, creating Braslia from scratch in 41 months. Its a very hard commute for her., We were sitting in her fast-food shop in the Bulaq district of old Cairo, a bustling hub of secondhand-clothing stands and makeshift auto-repair shops. Y chromosomes, surnames and the genetic genealogy revolution", "An African American Paternal Lineage Adds an Extremely Ancient Root to the Human Y Chromosome Phylogenetic Tree", "The Genographic Project and the Rise of Citizen Science", "Genetic Research: Collecting Blood to Preserve Culture? At the entrance of the City of Arts and Culture, an obelisk from the reign of Ramses II has been moved from the earlier capital city of Tanis to this one, in newly restored condition. Otherwise, the eerie silence in the desert city, broken intermittently by the growling of construction machinery, underscored the projects degree of difficulty. This project We take a number of commercially reasonable administrative, technical, personnel and physical steps to safeguard information in our possession from loss, theft and unauthorized use, disclosure or modification. "This reference population is based on native Egyptians. And when I peeked into the 1,200-seat concert hall to view its organthe largest in the Middle East, of courseI was informed by my tour guide that the pipe organ was invented in Alexandria. Another ancestry region that appears at this phase is Asia Minor. You must be 18 or older to use the Geno 2.0 Next Gen Helix Product. Returning to Cairo, I headed east to a satellite city, New Cairo, replete with shiny office towers and plush restaurants, most of which had sprung up since my previous visit from what had been the emptiness of the Eastern Desert. Self-Reported Information is other details about you that you choose to supply to National Geographic. It was unified around 3100 B.C.E. This is shown beyond doubt by Pierre A. Zalloua et al in a large study published in The American Journal of Human Genetics in 2008, Y-Chromosomal Diversity in Lebanon Is Structured by Recent Historical Events. If you would like Helix to destroy any information they hold or to close your Helix account, you must make a separate request to Helix. GP Geno 2.0 Next Generation describes this Northern Africa ancestry region as the regions north of Africas Sahara Desert that make up the southern coast of the Mediterranean Sea. Each of these countries used the relocation as an opportunity to create a modern urban showcase for the world to admire. While there is small percentage from North and East Africa, maybe due to the Arab slave trade which was common from the 8th to the19th century. This morning the New York Times reported that the National Geographic Society has launched the Genographic Project . The Bottom Line. Deep ancestry is your ancestry from hundreds or even thousands of years ago. Anthropology, Archaeology, Social Studies, Ancient Civilizations, World History, National Geographic Headquarters 1145 17th Street NW Washington, DC 20036. This fertile land is completely covered. [2] National Geographic Geno 2.0 by Molly McLaughlin in PCMag (31 December 2018). They obviously found that these two ancestry regions are different genetically (the Southern European includes people of Spanish, Portuguese, Italian, and Greek descent; while North Africa includes people of Moroccan, Tunisian, Algerian, Libyan, ant Egyptian descent). Coordinated by the U.S. Department of Energy and the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the Human Genome Project formally lasted from 1990 to 2003. [8] Utilizing a DNA-collection kit, Helix acquires a saliva sample from a participant, which is then analyzed for genomic identifiers that offer unprecedented[2] insight into the person's genetic origins. The New Administrative Capital will be linked to Cairo by a 35-mile monorail, expected to open in 2023. That same heavy hand also has sought to project an image of enlightenment and tolerancedecreeing, for example, that the new capitals Al Fattah Al Aleem mega-mosque open on January 6, 2019, the same day the citys 9,200-capacity Cathedral of the Nativity was inaugurated.
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